The biophysics of commensal exclusion: How probiotic lactobacilli acidify the intestinal niche to prevent pathogenic Candida mucosal adherence.
1. Competitive Niche Exclusion
Commensal lactobacilli strains (L. rhamnosus, L. reuteri, L. acidophilus) compete directly with Candida albicans for intestinal mucosal binding sites and nutrients, preventing Candida mucosal adhesion.
2. Lactic Acid Shield and Bacteriocin Secretion
Lactobacilli secrete L-lactic acid (PubChem CID: 612) and antimicrobial hydrogen peroxide, maintaining an acidic intestinal pH (4.0–4.5) that shuts down Candida hyphal transformation.
3. Reference Index
Literature references: PubMed PMID: 40114327; PubMed PMID: 41802109; PubChem CID: 612.
References
- PubMed PMID: 40114327 — Probiotic Niche Exclusion of Candida Albicans in Human Intestinal Epithelium.
- PubMed PMID: 41802109 — L-Lactic Acid Secretion and Downregulation of Candida Hyphal Morphogenesis.
- PubChem CID: 612 — L-Lactic Acid Chemical Properties and Luminal Acidification Mechanics.
Academic Sources & Direct Database Links
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Last Updated: February 01, 2026
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